Local   Group   Tour    

Sketches & Video Capture images of the Local Group of Galaxies!
            created: 01-17-2014             revised: 11-29-2023.


M31 - 10/08/2010 - Samsung SDC-435 & 55mm CCTV lens, 8 seconds


One of my favorite 'Deep Sky' magazines was the Fall 1984 issue with a detailed article by Brian Skiff on observing the Great Andromeda Galaxy's internal open and globular clusters and M31's attendant satellite galaxies. (see page 8).
I've held on to this issue over the years, wanting someday to do an observing project based on it.

Then very recently, 'Sky and Telescope' came out with several interesting articles on similar topics: November 2013 issue - "Exploring Messier 31" by Alan Whitman, and December 2013 issue - "Exploring the Triangulum Galaxy" by Ted Forte, and "Local Group Dwarf Galaxies" by Sue French.
Over the New Year, I sat down and compared the finder charts of these very fine articles with what I've video-captured. I was able to identify a number of extra-galactic globular clusters and H-II regions in M31 & M33, along with having several additional Local Group members video-imaged.
Thus, this page,,,,, I invite you to sit back and enjoy my images and additional information perused from the web:

From Wikipedia: "The Local Group":
is the group of galaxies that includes the Milky Way among others. It comprises more than 54 galaxies, counting dwarf galaxies. The two most massive members of the group are Milky Way and Andromeda Galaxy. These two spiral galaxies each have a system of satellite galaxies.

Milky Way's satellite system (see 'Near' chart below) consists of Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy, Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, Canis Major Dwarf, Ursa Minor Dwarf, Draco Dwarf, Carina Dwarf, Sextans Dwarf, Sculptor Dwarf, Fornax Dwarf, Leo I, Leo II, and Ursa Major I Dwarf and the Ursa Major II Dwarf.

Local Group - Near

Chart by Richard Powell

Andromeda's satellite system consists of M32, M110, NGC 147, NGC 185, And I, And II, And III, And IV, And V, Pegasus dSph (aka And VI), Cassiopeia Dwarf (aka And VII), And VIII, And IX, And X, And XI, And XII, And XIII, And XIV, And XV, And XVI, And XVII, And XVIII, And XIX, and And XX.

The Triangulum Galaxy, the third largest and only unbarred spiral galaxy in the Local Group.

The other members of the group include IC 10, Leo A, Cetus Dwarf, Pegasus Dwarf Irregular, Aquarius Dwarf, and the Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular. (see the complete list of galaxies below)

Local Group - Far

Chart by Richard Powell

Below is my personal observation list of the 'Local Group' galaxies.
I currently have observed 47 galaxy members visible from my Pittsburgh, PA latitude of around +40.

Index:

Object Name Constellation
The Milky-Way: via lactea the Galaxy
Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy: Sagittarius
M31: the Andromeda Galaxy Andromeda
M32: Andromeda
M110: NGC205 Andromeda
NGC147: Cassiopeia
NGC185: Cassiopeia
M33: the Pinwheel Galaxy Triangulum
NGC55: the Whale Galaxy Sculptor
NGC404: Mirach's Ghost Andromeda
NGC1560: IC2062 Camelopardalis
NGC1569: Camelopardalis
NGC3109: Hydra
NG6822: Barnard's Galaxy Sagittarius
SagDig: Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Sagittarius
IC10: Cassiopeia
IC1613: Cetus
UGC8091: GR8 Virgo
Andromeda-I: Andromeda
Andromeda-II: Pisces
Andromeda-III: Andromeda
Andromeda-IV: Andromeda
Andromeda-V: Andromeda
Andromeda-VI: Pegasus
Andromeda-VII: Andromeda
Andromeda-IX: Andromeda
Andromeda-X: Andromeda
Aquarius Dwarf: Aquarius
Cetus Dwarf: Cetus
Coma Berenices Dwarf: Coma Berenices
Pegasus Dwarf: Pegasus
Pisces Dwarf: Pisces
Leo-A: Leo-III Leo
Leo-I: Regulus Dwarf Leo
Leo-II: Leo
Leo-T: Leo
Sextans-A: Sextans
Sextans-B: Sextans
Draco Dwarf: Draco
UGCA86: Camelopardalis
UGCA92: Camelopardalis
Ursa Minor Dwarf: Ursa Minor
UKS2323-326: Sculptor
WLM: Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte Galaxy Cetus
Sculptor Dwarf: Sculptor
Fornax Dwarf: Fornax
Canis Major Dwarf: Canis Major

The Local Group Observations:




The Milky Way (from Cherry Springs)


   

ZWO ASI290MC & 2.1mm fisheye lens @ 30 seconds



Backyard Milky-Way - 06/28/2020                                          ORAS Observatory Milky-Way - Summer - 08/19/2020
     

ORAS Observatory Milky-Way - Late Fall/Early Winter - 09/18/2020


ZWO ASI224MC & fisheye lens


Cherry Springs Milky-Way - Fall - 09/26/2021


ZWO ASI224MC & fisheye lens


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Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

M54 (Globular Cluster: galaxy core remnant)
09/02/2021 ORAS Observatory Meade 14" LX200GPS Fork Wedge @ f6.3




Arp-2 (Globular Cluster) - 09/02/2021 ORAS Observatory Meade 14" LX200GPS Fork Wedge @ f6.3
     


Terzan-7 (Globular Cluster) - 09/02/2021 ORAS Observatory Meade 14" LX200GPS Fork Wedge @ f6.3
     


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M31 - 08/31/1984 - 10" Dob f5.6, 27mm 52x
           




M31 - 10/08/2010 - 80mm BOSMA Refractor f6.3, StellaCam-II 8 seconds     - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 45 seconds
   



M31 - 09/10/2015 - 80mm f5.5 Refractor, StellaCam-3 @ 45 seconds    



09/11/2023 - EVO50mm f4.2 Refractor, ASI294MC & L-Pro broadband filter @ 180 seconds for 12 minutes    







09/30/2021 - Cherry Springs - BFSP 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 60 sec subs for 5 minutes    




M31 (globular clusters)
10/08/2010 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 and .5 focal reducer @ 45 seconds
     
(G222 & G230 are the faintest, both at Mag +15.2)                               M31 (core) - 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11




11/05/2021 - Calhoun - 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3, 180 sec subs for 90 minutes    



NGC206 (A78: M31 OB-Association)
09/30/2021 - Cherry Springs - BFSP 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 60 sec subs for 5 minutes                            11/04/2021 - Calhoun 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 60 sec subs for 15 minutes
         




Mayall-2 (Globular Cluster)                    - 09/30/2021 - Cherry Springs - BFSP                    HII region #74
         
          8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 60 sec subs for 5 minutes    





Andromeda V1 (Cepheid Variable Star)
    10/24/2022 - Calhoun - 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 5 minute subs for 15 minutes
         



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M32 (galaxy) - 09/15/2009 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-II, 8 seconds      - 09/25/1989 - 8" Dob f4.5, 8mm 143x
       


M32 (galaxy & globular clusters)
08/25/2014 - 8" SCT f5, StellaCam-3, @ 30 seconds
   


M32 - 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11





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M110 (galaxy) - 09/02/2008 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-EX, 2.5 seconds      - 09/25/1989 - 8" Dob f4.5, 16mm 71x
       



M110 (NGC205 - galaxy & globular clusters)
08/25/2014 - 8" SCT f5, StellaCam-3, @ 30 seconds
   


M110 - 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11





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NGC147 (galaxy) - 11/01/2013 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3                 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11
   




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NGC185 (galaxy) - 11/01/2013 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3                 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11
   




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M33 (galaxy) "The Pinwheel Galaxy"
- 10/22/1989 - 8" Dob f4.5, 16mm 57x
           


M33 (galaxy)
08/26/2011 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3, @ 45 seconds           08/29/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 180 seconds
   


M33 (H-II star forming regions)
08/26/2011 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 and .5 focal reducer @ 45 seconds




NGC604 (HII) - 11/10/2021 - Calhoun - 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 300 sec subs for 90 minutes    




11/10/2023 - EVO50mm f4.2 Refractor, ASI294MC & L-Pro broadband filter @ 180 seconds for 30 minutes    











09/18/2022 - Cherry Springs - BFSP 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 180 sec subs for 30 minutes    








NGC55 (galaxy & globular clusters)) - 11/13/2015 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 30 seconds
   



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NGC404 (galaxy) - 10/08/2010 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3, 45 seconds



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NGC1560 (galaxy) - 09/11/2012 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 8 seconds



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NGC1569 (galaxy) - 09/11/2012 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 8 seconds



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NGC3109 (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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NGC6822 (galaxy) 'Barnards Galaxy' - 09/04/2013 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 @ 25 seconds


NGC6822 (galaxy) - 08/29/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 180 seconds        (Associations, Globular Clusters and H-II Regions)
    


NGC6822
09/07/2021 - 14" Meade SCT f6.3, Fork Wedge, ASI294MC + L-Pro filter @ 60 seconds for 5 minuiutes
     



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SagDIG - (galaxy) - 08/06/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3, 180 seconds



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IC10 (galaxy) - 06/26/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 @ 30 seconds
      



IC10 (galaxy) - 09/11/2023 - 8" SCT @ f6.3, Atlas Gem, ASI294MC Pro & L-Pro broadband filter @ 180 sec livestacked for 45 minutes
      




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IC1613 (galaxy) - 09/01/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 120 seconds




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UGC8091 (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Andromeda-I - PGC2666 (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 300 seconds




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Andromeda-II - PGC4601 (galaxy) - 10/05/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 180 seconds




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Andromeda-III - PGC2121 (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 300 seconds




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Andromeda-IV - PGC2544 (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 300 seconds




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Andromeda-V (galaxy) - 10/05/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 180 seconds




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Andromeda-VI (galaxy) - 09/04/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 120 seconds




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Andromeda-VII (galaxy) - 09/04/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 120 seconds




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Andromeda-IX (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 300 seconds




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Andromeda-X    (galaxy) - 10/05/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3                 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11
   


Andromeda-X
09/09/2021 - 14" Meade SCT f6.3, Fork Wedge, ASI294MC + L-Pro filter @ 60 seconds for 5 minuiutes
     



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Aquarius Dwarf (galaxy) - 09/02/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3, @ 120 seconds



Aquarius Dwarf (MCG-2533)
09/09/2021 - 14" Meade SCT f6.3, Fork Wedge, ASI294MC + L-Pro filter @ 60 seconds for 5 minuiutes
     



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Cetus Dwarf (galaxy) - 10/05/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 150 seconds




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Coma Berenices Dwarf (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Pegasus Dwarf (galaxy) - 08/25/2014 - 8" SCT f5, StellaCam-3, @ 30 seconds




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Pisces Dwarf    (galaxy) - 10/05/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3                 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11
   




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Leo-A (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Leo-I (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Leo-II (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Leo-T (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Sextans-A (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds
      


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Sextans-B (galaxy) - 05/24/2014 - 6" RC f5, StellaCam-3 35 seconds



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Draco Dwarf - (galaxy) - 08/06/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3, 180 seconds



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UGCA-86    (galaxy) - 10/06/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3                 09/19/2020 ORAS Observatory C14" Atlas Gem @ f11
   




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UGCA-92 (galaxy) - 10/06/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 120 seconds




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Ursa Minor - (galaxy) - 08/06/2016 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3, 180 seconds



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UKS2323-326 - MCG-55512 (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 300 seconds




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WLM - MCG-3115 (galaxy) - 10/03/2018 - 8" SCT f6.3, StellaCam-3 @ 120 seconds
      
(Association & Globular Cluster)


WLM (Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte)
09/09/2021 - 14" Meade SCT f6.3, Fork Wedge, ASI294MC + L-Pro filter @ 60 seconds for 5 minuiutes
     



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Sculptor Dwarf - MCG-6315 (galaxy) - 09/30/2021 - Cherry Springs - BFSP 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 120 sec subs for 10 minutes    




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Fornax Dwarf - MCG-671 (galaxy) - 10/01/2021 - Cherry Springs - BFSP 8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3 60 sec subs for 30 minutes                       Globular Clusters
     



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Canis Major Dwarf - (galaxy) - 11/04/2021 - Calhoun

Canon Zomm Lens @ 100mm @ f5.6, 30 sec subs for 15 minutes                                             8" SCT Atlas Gem @ f6.3, 60 sec subs for 15 minutes
     



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Complete List of Local Group Galaxies

by Richard Powell 

          1               2       3        4         5       6           7             8
____________________________________________________________________________________________
   Name of Galaxy     | Galactic coords|Distance |Diameter| Galaxy   | Other      | Year of
                      |   l°      b°   |  (kly)  |  (kly) |  Type    | Name       |Discovery
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milky Way                 0       0        0        90     SBbc                     prehist.
Sagittarius Dwarf         5.6   -14.1     78±7      20     dSph                      1994
Ursa Major II           152.5   +37.4    100±15      1     dSph                      2006
Coma Berenices Dwarf    241.9   +83.6    144±13      1     dSph                      2006
Large Magellanic Cloud  280.5   -32.9    165±5      25     SBm         ESO 56-115   prehist.
Small Magellanic Cloud  302.8   -44.3    195±15     15     SBm         NGC 292      prehist.
Boötes Dwarf            358.0   +69.6    197±9       2     dSph                      2006
Ursa Minor Dwarf        105.0   +44.8    215±10      2     dSph        DDO 199       1954
Sculptor Dwarf          287.5   -83.2    258±13      3     dSph        ESO 351-30    1937
Draco Dwarf              86.4   +34.7    267±20      2     dSph        DDO 208       1954
Sextans Dwarf           243.4   +42.2    280±13      3     dSph        PGC 88608     1990
Ursa Major I            159.4   +54.4    325?        3?    dSph                      2005
Carina Dwarf            260.1   -22.2    329±16      2     dSph        PGC 19441     1977
Fornax Dwarf            237.1   -65.7    450±26      5     dSph        ESO 356-04    1938
Hercules Dwarf           28.7   +36.9    457±41      4     dSph                      2006
Canes Venatici II       113.6   +82.7    489±46      2     dSph                      2006
Leo IV                  265.4   +56.5    522±47      2     dSph                      2006
Leo II                  220.2   +67.2    669±39      3     dSph        DDO 93        1950
Canes Venatici I         74.3   +79.8    718±82      6     dSph                      2006
Leo I                   226.0   +49.1    815±100     3     dSph        DDO 74        1950
Leo T                   214.9   +43.7   1360±65      2     dIrr/dSph                 2007
Phoenix Dwarf           272.2   -68.9   1450±100     2     dIrr/dSph   ESO 245-7     1976
NGC 6822                 25.3   -18.4   1520±85      8     Irr         DDO 209       1884
NGC 185                 120.8   -14.5   2010±60      8     dSph/dE3p   UGC 396       1787
Andromeda II            128.9   -29.2   2165±40      3     dSph        PGC 4601      1970
Leo A                   196.9   +52.4   2250±325     4     dIrr        DDO 69       c1940
IC 1613                 129.8   -60.6   2365±50     10     Irr         DDO 8        c1890
Andromeda X             125.8   -18.0   2290±120     5     dSph                      2006
NGC 147                 119.8   -14.3   2370±50     10     dSph/dE5    DDO 3        c1830
Andromeda III           119.3   -26.2   2450±50      3     dSph        PGC 2121      1970
Andromeda VII           109.5   -10.0   2465±95      2     dSph        PGC 2807155   1999
Cetus Dwarf             101.4   -72.8   2485±65      3     dSph        PGC 3097691   1999
Andromeda IX            123.2   -19.7   2505±75      4     dSph                      2004
Andromeda I             121.7   -24.9   2520±60      2     dSph        PGC 2666      1970
LGS 3                   126.8   -40.9   2520±70      2     dIrr/dSph   Pisces Dwarf  1978
Andromeda V             126.2   -15.1   2560±80      2     dSph        PGC 3097824   1998
Andromeda Galaxy, M31   121.2   -21.6   2560±50    140     Sb          NGC 224       c964
Andromeda XI            121.7   -29.1   2560±325     2     dSph                      2006
Andromeda XII           122.0   -28.5   2560±325     2     dSph                      2006
Andromeda XIII          123.0   -29.9   2560±325     2     dSph                      2006
Andromeda VI            106.1   -36.3   2595±50      3     dSph        PGC 2807158   1998
M32                     121.2   -22.0   2625±115     8     dE2         NGC 221       1749
M110                    120.7   -21.7   2690±80     15     dSph/dE5    NGC 205       1773
IC 10                   119.0    -3.3   2690±165     8     dIrr        UGC 192      c1890
Triangulum Galaxy, M33  133.6   -31.3   2735±55     55     Sc          NGC 598       1654
Tucana Dwarf            322.9   -47.4   2870±130     2     dSph        PGC 69519     1990
Pegasus Dwarf            94.8   -43.5   3000±80      6     dIrr/dSph   DDO 216         ?
WLM                      75.9   -73.6   3020±80     10     Irr         DDO 221       1909
Aquarius Dwarf           34.0   -31.3   3345±100     3     dIrr/dSph   DDO 210       1959
SagDIG                   21.1   -16.3   3460±520     3     dIrr        ESO 594-4     1977
Antlia Dwarf            263.1   +22.3   4030±210     3     dIrr/dSph   PGC 29194     1997
NGC 3109                262.1   +23.1   4075±540    25     Irr         DDO 236      c1836
Sextans A               246.2   +39.9   4350±120    10     dIrr        DDO 75          ?
Sextans B               233.2   +43.8   4385±325     8     dIrr        DDO 70          ?
Additional possible members: NGC404, NGC1560, NGC1569


Neat links:
Richard Powell's "Atlas of the Universe"
Deep Sky - Downloadable Issues
"Digging Deep in M33" by Alan Whitman (PDF)
Alvin Huey's "The Local Group" (PDF)
"Atlas of the Andromeda Galaxy", by Paul Hodge
Cloudy Nights - "Small Wonders: Deep Andromeda", by Tom Trusock

Larry's home webportal

You may E-mail me at: lsmch@comcast.net

This is it. Hope you enjoyed the visit. Come again soon!